樹鼩目/攀獸目（Scadentia）,源自拉丁文 scandens (攀爬),意指有些品種是樹棲性的,可以從地面攀爬樹木.

Scadentia, from Latin scandens (“climbing”), in reference to the fact that some species are arboreal and climb trees from the ground.

種的俗名 Common names of members

樹鼩,筆尾樹鼩.

Tree shrews, banxrings.

分佈 Distribution 

南亞和東南亞.

South and Southeast Asia.

體型 Size

牠們的體型從 23 公分、尾長 13 公分到 11 公分、尾長 9 公分不等.

Their sizes vary from 23 cm with a 13 cm tail to 11 cm with a 9 cm tail.

形態描述 Morphology

牠們的身體像松鼠,但鼻子比松鼠長.牠們是瘦小的動物,有長長的尾巴,毛色從柔和的灰色到紅褐色不等.牠們有五個指頭,爪子很鋒利.在挖掘昆蟲獵物的能力方面,陸生品種的爪子通常比樹棲品種的大.牠們的臼齒沒有特化,犬齒也不發達.

Their bodies are squirrel-like, but longer snout than squirrels. They are lean creatures with long tails and fur that ranges from soft grey to reddish-brown. They have 5 digits with sharp claws. When it comes to their ability to dig out insect prey, terrestrial species typically have larger claws than arboreal forms. Their molars are not specialized, and their canine teeth are underdeveloped.

生態與棲息地 Ecology & Habitat

熱帶森林,在地面和樹冠.

Tropical forest, in both ground and canopy.

食性 Diet

牠們是雜食動物,以水果、種子、小動物和昆蟲為食.此外,牠們也會吃紅花果.

Being omnivores, they consume fruit, seeds, small animals, and insects as food. In addition, they consume Rafflesia fruit.

繁殖 Reproduction 

牠們為一雄一雌繁殖.牠們一生都與同一個伴侶交配.在 45-50 天的懷孕期間,雌性會在樹洞中以乾葉鋪成的巢穴中生下最多三個後代.大約一個月後,天生無毛且雙目失明的幼鳥可以離開巢穴.在這段期間,母親很少照顧幼鳥,只是每隔一天花幾分鐘餵哺幼鳥.約四個月後,幼鳥達到性成熟.大多數的品種都沒有固定的繁殖季節,牠們在一年中的大部分時間都會繁殖.

They are monogamous. They mate with the same partner for their whole life. The female gives birth to up to three offspring in nests lined with dry leaves within tree hollows during her 45–50 day gestation period. After roughly a month, the young, who are born hairless and blind, are allowed to leave the nest. The mother gives her young very little attention during this time, just spending a few minutes each other day to nurse them. After around four months, they reach sexual maturity. Most species have no set breeding season, and they breed throughout most of the year.

已知的物種

Total species known

24

博物館收藏的物種

Species in the collection

1

在香港已知的物種

Species in Hong Kong

0

References

Pough, F. H., Janis, C. M., Heiser, J. B. (2012). Vertebrate Life. Pearson.

Macdonald, D. W. (2006). The Encyclopedia of mammals. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780199206087.001.0001.

Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (2005). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Johns Hopkins University Press.