Pteropodidae 源于希腊语πτερόν（pterón,"翼"）和希腊语πούς（poús,"足"）,意为 "有翼的足",这是因为该科成员的足与翼相连.

Pteropodidae, from Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”) and Greek πούς (poús, “foot”), means “winged foot”, in reference to the fact that the members of this family have their feet connected to their wings.

種的俗名 Common names of members

巨型蝙蝠,果蝠,舊大陸果蝠,狐蝠.

Megabats, fruit bats, Old World fruit bats, flying foxes.

分佈 Distribution

Found in the tropics of the Old World, occurring throughout Africa, Asia, Australia, and throughout the islands of the Indian Ocean and Oceania.

分布于旧大陆的热带地区,遍布非洲、亚洲、澳大利亚以及印度洋和大洋洲的各个岛屿.

體型 Size

牠们重达 1.6 公斤,翼展可达 1.7 米.

They weigh up to 1.6 kg and have wingspans reaching up to 1.7 m.

形態描述 Morphology

牠们长着犬科一样的脸和耳朵,第二根趾上有爪子.牠们的颜色通常为灰色、棕色、橙色或黑色,但也有例外.

They have dog-like faces and ears and claws on the second digit.They are usually gray, brown, orange or black in color, with some exceptions.

生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

雨林、灌木林、热带草原和其他热带环境.树木是牠们的栖息地.

Rainforests, shrublands, savannahs and other tropical environments. Trees serve as roosting places.

食性 Diet

牠们大多以节食为主.在整个家族中,牠们食用近 188 个植物属的各种果实.有些种类还食蜜,这意味着牠们也喝花蜜.

Most of them are primarily frugivorous. Throughout the family, a diverse array of fruit is consumed from nearly 188 plant genera. Some species are also nectarivorous, meaning that they also drink nectar from flowers.

繁殖 Reproduction 

大多数蝙蝠物种都是一雄多雌,即一只雄性蝙蝠与多只雌性蝙蝠交配,但也有多雄多雌,即多只雄性蝙蝠与多只雌性蝙蝠交配.雌性负责大部分的育儿工作.雄性负责喂养和保护幼崽.刚出生的蝙蝠不会飞,所以牠们会呆在窝里或爬到母亲身上.通常 2-4 周后牠们就能飞了.

Most bat species are polygynous, where one male mates with multiple females, but there are polygynandry systems too, where multiple males mate with multiple females. Females are responsible for most of the parenting care. Males responsible for feeding and protecting young. Newborn bats cannot fly so they stay in the dwell or climb on their mothers. Usually they can fly after 2-4 weeks.

已知的物種

Total species known

197

博物館收藏的物種

Species in the collection

2

在香港已知的物種

Species in Hong Kong

2

References

Fenton, M. B., Simmons, N. B. (2015). Bats - A World of Science and Mystery. The University of Chicago Press.

Vaughan, T.A., Ryan, J. M., Czaplewski, N. J. (2000). Mammalogy. Saunders College Publishing.

Macdonald, D. W. (2006). The Encyclopedia of mammals. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780199206087.001.0001.

Dumont, E. R., O'Neal, R. (2004). Food Hardness and Feeding Behavior in Old World Fruit Bats (Pteropodidae). Journal of Mammalogy, 85(1), 8–14, https://doi.org/10.1644/BOS-107. 

Yin, Q., Zhu, L., Liu, D., Irwin, D. M., Zhang, S., Pan, Y. (2016). Molecular Evolution of the Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-Derived 2)-Like 2 Gene Nrf2 in Old World Fruit Bats (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae). PLOS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146274.