Hylobatidae 源自希臘文 ὕλη (húlē,「樹林、森林」) 和希臘文 βαίνω (baínō,「遊蕩、漫步」),意思是「在樹林裡出沒的人」,指的是這些動物有強烈的領地性,會用激烈的聲音和視覺表現來捍衛自己的疆界.

Hylobatidae, from Greek ὕλη (húlē, “woods, forest”) and Greek βαίνω (baínō, “to wander, to stroll”), means “one who haunts the woods”, in reference to the fact that these animals are fiercely territorial, defending their boundaries with vigorous vocal and visual displays.

種的俗名 Common names of members

長臂猿.

Gibbons.

分佈 Distribution

東南亞地區.

Southeast Asia.

體型 Size

他們的身高從 42-59 公分到 74-89 公分不等,體重從 4.4-7.6 公斤到 10.7-11.9 公斤不等.

Their heights range from 42-59 cm to 74-89 cm, and their weights range from 4.4-7.6 kg to 10.7-11.9 kg.

形態描述 Morphology

這些動物的特殊之處在於牠們的手腕可以向兩個方向移動,就像球窩關節一樣.這減輕了肩關節的負擔,並大大降低了上臂和身體所需的能量.除了手腳長之外,他們的第一和第二手指之間也有很深的分叉.牠們的毛色通常是黑色、灰色或褐色,臉部、手和腳上經常有白色的花紋.當動物發出叫聲時,某些品種的動物擴大的頸囊會膨脹作為共鳴室.在某些品種中,這個結構可以長得很大,有時甚至與動物的頭部一樣大.

 These animals are special in that their wrists can move in two directions, much like a ball and socket joint. This lessens the strain on the shoulder joint and significantly lowers the energy required in the upper arm and body. Along with having lengthy hands and feet, they also have a deep split between their first and second fingers. Usually black, gray, or brownish in color, their fur frequently has white patterns on their face, hands, and feet. When an animal calls, the enlarged neck sac in certain species expands to act as a resonating chamber. In certain species, this structure can grow to be rather large—sometimes matching the size of the animal's head. 

生態與棲息地 Habitat & Ecology

茂密的樹冠雨林.

Dense canopy rainforest.

食性 Diet

他們主要吃水果,雖然偶爾也吃樹葉、樹枝、昆蟲、花朵和鳥蛋.

They mostly eat fruit, although they also occasionally eat leaves, twigs, insects, flowers, and bird eggs.

繁殖 Reproduction

雖然他們通常被認為是一雄一雌制,但這種行為沒有霸權.留居的雄性無法壟斷留居雌性的交配. 在其族群中,長期的社會夥伴通常有別於性夥伴.

Although they are often considered monogamous, there is no hegemony of this behavior. Resident males are unable to monopolize resident females' matings.  Long-term social partners are often distinct from sexual partners in their populations.

已知的物種

Total species known

20

博物館收藏的物種

Species in the collection

1

在香港已知的物種

Species in Hong Kong

0

Reference

Cowlishaw, G., Dunbar, R. I. M. (2000). Primate Conservation Biology. University of Chicago Press.

Pough, F. H., Janis, C. M., Heiser, J. B. (2012). Vertebrate Life. Pearson.

Macdonald, D. W. (2006). The Encyclopedia of mammals. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780199206087.001.0001.

Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (2005). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Johns Hopkins University Press.

Sussman, R.W. (2003). Primate Ecology and Social Structure. Pearson Custom Publishing.

Huang, X., Hu, N., He, K., Guan, Z., Garber, P., Chapman, C., Jiang, X., Fan, P. (2022). Disassociation of social and sexual partner relationships in a gibbon population with stable one-male two-female groups. American Journal of Primatology, 84(7):e23394. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.23394.